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python比较两个复杂字典

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字典结构

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dict = {
        "family": {
            "grandfather": [
                "John",
                {
                    "father": "Michael",
                    "kids": [
                        {"kid": ("Tom", 10, "M", "123 Street")},
                        {"kid": ("Lucy", 12, "F", "456 Street")}
                    ]
                }
            ]
        }
    }

代码

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def compare_dicts(dict1, dict2, path=""):
    differences = []

    # Check for keys in dict1 not in dict2
    for key in dict1:
        if key not in dict2:
            differences.append(f"Key {path + str(key)} is missing in the second dictionary")
        else:
            if isinstance(dict1[key], dict) and isinstance(dict2[key], dict):
                differences.extend(compare_dicts(dict1[key], dict2[key], path + str(key) + "->"))
            elif isinstance(dict1[key], list) and isinstance(dict2[key], list):
                if len(dict1[key]) != len(dict2[key]):
                    differences.append(f"List length mismatch at {path + str(key)}")
                else:
                    for i, (item1, item2) in enumerate(zip(dict1[key], dict2[key])):
                        if isinstance(item1, dict) and isinstance(item2, dict):
                            differences.extend(compare_dicts(item1, item2, path + str(key) + f"[{i}]->"))
                        elif item1 != item2:
                            differences.append(f"List item mismatch at {path + str(key)}[{i}]: {item1} != {item2}")
            elif isinstance(dict1[key], tuple) and isinstance(dict2[key], tuple):
                if dict1[key] != dict2[key]:
                    differences.append(f"Tuple mismatch at {path + str(key)}: {dict1[key]} != {dict2[key]}")
            else:
                if dict1[key] != dict2[key]:
                    differences.append(f"Value mismatch at {path + str(key)}: {dict1[key]} != {dict2[key]}")

    # Check for keys in dict2 not in dict1
    for key in dict2:
        if key not in dict1:
            differences.append(f"Key {path + str(key)} is missing in the first dictionary")

    return differences

示例

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def main():
    dict1 = {
        "family": {
            "grandfather": [
                "John",
                {
                    "father": "Michael",
                    "kids": [
                        {"kid": ("Tom", 10, "M", "123 Street")},
                        {"kid": ("Lucy", 12, "F", "456 Street")}
                    ]
                }
            ]
        }
    }

    dict2 = {
        "family": {
            "grandfather": [
                "John",
                {
                    "father": "Michael",
                    "kids": [
                        {"kid": ("Tom", 10, "M", "123 Street")},
                        {"kid": ("Lucy", 13, "F", "456 Street")}
                    ]
                }
            ]
        }
    }

    differences = compare_dicts(dict1, dict2)
    if not differences:
        print("没有差异")
    else:
        print("差异如下：")
        for diff in differences:
            print(diff)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()